Which disease is characterized by abnormal pouches in the colon becoming inflamed?

Diverticulitis is characterized by the presence of abnormal pouches, known as diverticula, that form in the walls of the colon. When these pouches become inflamed or infected, it leads to the symptoms and complications associated with diverticulitis. This condition can cause abdominal pain, fever, and changes in bowel habits. It often arises from a diet low in fiber, which can contribute to the formation of diverticula as stool moves slowly through the intestines and places pressure on the colon walls.

Other gastrointestinal diseases mentioned have different underlying mechanisms and symptoms. For instance, celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten intake that affects the small intestine. Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disease that can impact any part of the gastrointestinal tract and is characterized by deeper transmural inflammation. Ulcerative colitis, another form of inflammatory bowel disease, primarily affects the colon and involves inflammation that usually starts at the rectum and can extend continuously. Each of these conditions has distinct characteristics, but diverticulitis specifically pertains to the inflammation of pouches in the colon, making it the correct response.