What neurological disease primarily affects motor control?

Parkinson's disease is a neurological disorder that primarily affects motor control due to the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain. This leads to a characteristic set of motor symptoms, including tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability. The disease disrupts the normal functioning of the basal ganglia, which are critical for coordinating movement and maintaining balance.

By focusing on movement-related functions, Parkinson's disease stands out from the other options: multiple sclerosis typically involves a range of symptoms including both motor and sensory disturbances, Alzheimer’s disease primarily affects cognitive function and memory rather than motor control, and epilepsy is characterized by seizures resulting from abnormal electrical activity in the brain, not specifically by motor control deficits. Understanding this distinction is fundamental for recognizing the specific features and impacts of different neurological diseases.